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The human mesentery or mesentery organ is defined as the small intestinal mesentery, the mesocolon, mesosigmoid and mesorectum.() Conventional teaching has dogmatically described the mesocolon as a fragmented structure, i.e. the small intestinal mesentery, transverse and sigmoid mesocolon all ‘terminate’ at their ‘insertion’ into the posterior abdominal wall.() Recent advances in gastrointestinal anatomy have demonstrated that the mesenteric organ is in fact a single continuous structure from the duodenojejunal flexure to the level of the distal mesorectum. This far simpler concept has been shown to have significant implications.() ==History== The classical anatomical description of the mesocolon is credited to British surgeon Sir Frederick Treves in 1885.() Treves is famously known for performing the first appendectomy in England in 1888 and was surgeon to both Queen Victoria and King Edward VII.() He studied the human mesentery and peritoneal folds in 100 cadavers and described the right and left mesocolon as vestigial or absent in the human adult. Accordingly, the small intestinal mesentery, transverse and sigmoid mesocolon all terminated or attached at their insertions into the posterior abdominal wall.() These assertions were indoctrinated into mainstream surgical, anatomical, embryological, and radiologic literature for more than a century and up to the recent present.() Interestingly, almost 10 years prior to Treves, the Austrian anatomist Carl Toldt described the persistence of all portions of the mesocolon into adulthood.() Toldt was professor of anatomy in Prague and Vienna and published his account of the human mesentery in 1879. Furthermore, Toldt identified a fascial plane between the mesocolon and the underlying retroperitoneum formed by the fusion of the visceral peritoneum of the mesocolon with the parietal peritoneum of the retroperitoneum (this later became known as Toldt's fascia).() In 1942, the anatomist also Edward Congdon demonstrated that the right and left mesocolon persisted into adulthood and remained separate from the retroperitoneum (i.e. extra-retroperitoneal).() The radiologist Wylie J. Dodds also described this concept in 1986.() Dodds astutely extrapolated that unless the mesocolon remained an extra-retroperitoneal structure (i.e. separate from the retroperitoneum), only then would the radiologic appearance of the mesentery and peritoneal folds be reconciled with actual anatomy.() Descriptions of the mesocolon by Carl Toldt, Edward Congdon and W.J. Dodds have largely been ignored in mainstream literature until recently. A formal appraisal of the mesenteric organ anatomy was conducted in 2012 and echoed findings of Toldt, Congdon and Dodds.() The single greatest advance in this regard was the identification of the mesenteric organ as being contiguous as it spans the gastrointestinal tract from duodenojejunal flexure to mesorectal level.() 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mesenteric organ」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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